⁠

Fixing rope climbing. Main Features: Durable material .

Fixing rope climbing. My guess is that the rope is mostly a psychological safety line. Equipped with a sturdy eyelet that allows you to easily hang whatever you need, making it an essential accessory for any gym, home gym, or sports center. Jun 24, 2021 · Pre-grigri, I used a clove-hitch to rope solo to bad and good effect: it hampered efforts to free climb but held the resulting fall. How to repair minor rope damage: You can cut off a damaged section of rope if it's close to one end. In that time, I have learned how to destroy them and how to make them last. Like all our anchors, since 2013 made exclusively in AISI 316L. Additionally, they bravely tackle the most dangerous sections of the mountain, securing the way for climbers. The other end of the rope is connected to a block which is initially at position A. Introduction to Top Rope Soloing “The best climber in the world is the one having the most fun!” ~ Alex Lowe Top Rope Soloing is the simplest form of rope soloing. A roof safety lifeline is the appliance that connects your body support device, usually a harness, to an anchor point. I would only do that on routes well below my limits though, anything hard for me I want a partner and belay. The ropes are easy to pull out and in, with outer ropes having catches to lock them in position during use. 50 $12. It can be found in a crate in the puzzle room, and should be repaired on the anvil to create a climbing hook head. On Friday, May 9, a rope-fixing team comprised of nine climbing sherpas from guiding company 8K Expeditions Feb 9, 2024 · Back-clipping can be dangerous as the quickdraw can open when you fall. If you are haphazard about rope management, it will get tangled, and the time you saved by being lazy will be nothing compared to the time you will need to clean up the mess. The Wall Mounted Hanging Bars (WHB) Series is a simple method for attaching climbing ropes, ladders, or cargo nets for younger, beginner level climbers. Outdoor sport equipment for camping, hiking, hunting, trekking, hiking, climbing, mountaineering, fishing, etc. To my knowledge, Josh Wharton was the earliest adopter of the Fix and Follow for long free climbing routes and other high end professionals like Mikey Schaefer almost exclusively use this system on long free climbing routes. That’s where fusing and whipping rope comes in. It doesn’t look like there’s much time to properly anchor it, check the rope for age, and replace when needed. Everest summit day – Which rope do you clip? Whether you love or loathe the idea, a lot of the big mountains usually have sections of what we call fixed ropes put in place to allow expedition members, Climbing Sherpas and High Altitude Porters . Kharot peak 680 Rollnlock Ultra-light multi-function device for rope access work and rescue. Why do climbers need rope and who does the work? Aug 25, 2022 · I free climbed one of the world's hardest alpine routes despite carrying the weight of a multi-day pack. Nowadays, guided expeditions fix virtually the entire route to keep clients from falling or losing their way. May 28, 2019 · The gold standard of big wall climbing, alpine style means leaving the ground and climbing to the summit without fixing ropes in advance. 15M subscribers Subscribed Jul 11, 2023 · Clipping on Lead As you spend more time rock climbing and improving your skills, it’s logical for you to progress past top roping and learn how to lead climb on a sport climb. 78 Sale Fixe 9. 5" 1SET Black) 18 $1899 FREE delivery Fri, May 30 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon May 13, 2023 · A nine-member rope fixing team of Imagine Nepal reached the summit of Everest on Saturday afternoon while laying down the climbing lines for hundreds of climbers who want to scale the world’s highest peak this season. A damaged or weakened rope is a real safety issue, but there’s no need to get a new rope immediately and toss your old one if it has a damaged part. How to build the perfect climbing rope anchor. May 6, 2016 · Whether you’re a newbie aid climber, an aspiring photographer, jugging ropes is a necessary skill that’s not hard to learn, but is tricky to master. If you are on a 30-pitch route and it takes While some make rope climbing look easy, you can rest assured they didn’t breeze up the rope when first starting out. Fixed ropes in a mountaineering setting are almost always left on popular trade routes that require them. A certified climbing guide helps you to avoid and fix this mistake. Well here is how! If you get a bad gash on your rope you wont need to throw it out. It has three different modes of operation: ascender, pulley or progress-capture hauling pulley. And i probably missed several other ways ropes will be used on alpine climbs. When climbing for work or for fun, you don't want any doubt that your link between the rope and you is 100% solid. Sep 23, 2020 · Amazon. It's a very effective way to work the moves on your project for as long as you want without having to drag a belayer along. American made products designed for climbers, mountaineers, arborists, ropes course professionals, and fire service and industrial safety experts. 28K subscribers 893 Apr 29, 2013 · On Saturday, April 27, the three men were climbing adjacent to a team of Sherpas who were fixing rope for guided clients to follow. The leader attaches to it via a Grigri or other self-belay device, the follower via ascenders plus a backup knot. Heavy snowfall made the rope fixing difficult this season. Instead, you lead up the climb, clipping your rope into a series of quickdraws. @everesteramitnegiRope Fixing I Hillary Step l Everest How to cut a climbing rope If you’ve been climbing for any amount of time, you’ve likely noticed that it takes a toll on your climbing rope. Mar 11, 2015 · The short-fixing concept is that the leader is continually climbing. I find this is a durable method. Dec 3, 2022 · Money Ropes on climbing routes litter Mount Everest Around 50 tonnes of climbing ropes are estimated to lie buried under the snow on different mountains. I wasn’t aware of people short-fixing using it in the 1980s but it’s certainly a possibility. Short-fixing can be very dangerous if not performed correctly and is not recommended for beginners. After you've isolated the damage with a butterfly knot, what happens then? With some clever rigging, you should be able to get down quickly and safely, without ever having to pass the knot on rappel. The surgeon needs to repair labral damage, stop further delamination of the subscapularis tendon, and release the bicep tendon. Roof-mounted rope systems are subject to heavy loads, so to optimise safety all our trackways are made with heavy duty C -profiles. The topic of tenotomy (cutting the tendon) versus a tenodesis (reattachment farther down the shaft of the humorus) is a contentious one among surgeons. 95 $259. It is well known that the strenght of a knot (Knotenfestigkeit) is different for individual knots. Firstly, they are instrumental in fixing ropes and establishing routes on Everest’s treacherous slopes. This is an easy DIY method to support your climbers such as cle Feb 24, 2025 · Nothing is more frustrating than a strong piece of rope that keeps falling apart at the ends. May 3, 2013 · Mountaineers fix lines on steep and exposed snow or ice slopes. Often this is because you’ve climbed the first few pitches and Fix and Follow (aka "Freesnaking") has grown in popularity among multipitch climbers over the last few years. Nov 15, 2006 · I’ve recently been introduced to fix and follow, it’s super rapid when trad climbing and even more so sport climbing! It also works really with big teams when multi bitching…. My climbing partners and I have adopted this system and have Over the years, I have had the opportunity to use a lot of ropes. Once they are at the belay they pull up all the slack in the lead rope and re-belay it, so they can rope solo the next 10 or 20 metres. In an effort to further conserve energy (and thus move faster) experienced alpine-rock climbers should consider employing the “fix and follow” system to toprope solo each pitch while the In ice I understand ice screws, but in deep snow on vertical faces how is it done? Is it just “simple” snow anchors or is there more to it? Also is there any book recommendations that go into full detail on fixing lines while mountaineering? I am in no way replacing this with a course, but I’d like to get general basics down before taking an actual course Moved PermanentlyThe document has moved here. Here are a few different ways to set it up. Keeping rope from fraying is fairly simple, but the optimal method depends heavily on what type of rope you’re working with. Aug 5, 2025 · Be it you are roofing expert or practical person who once in a while gets on home’s rooftop, having the right roof lifeline rope knowing how to use it properly is an important safety measure. Mar 24, 2022 · Traditionally, ropes were fixed only in the hardest sections or in those places exposed to falling rocks or ice. If you are like me, you use your rope in a variety of ways: I use static lines for Using ‘Fixed Ropes’ on Big Himalayan Mountains – an essential guide. Every rope has got a certain strength which depends on the used knots at the endings. You should also be able to clip without Today I will show you how to build and install a wire trellis on your wall and timber fence. Here are two standard ways to do it: the bunny ears figure 8, and the Y hang. Words broke out, and when the Western climbers returned to Camp 2 they reportedly were set upon by a large group of Sherpa climbers. Finished in a pale grey to lessen the visual impact. CANYON ENDURANCE 9,5MM ref 69210050 Showing 1-15 of 31 item (s) 1 2 3 Next ROPES Mar 22, 2024 · When speed climbing, this delegating of 'bringing up the second' to the second (they bring themselves up) allows 'short fixing' to take place, where the leader also becomes their own belayer, rope soloing (or free soloing on a rope), the next pitch (on a speed ascent, ideally you're halfway up the next pitch before the belayer arrives at the May 24, 2019 · A safety line is installed by fixing a rope to an existing anchor such as pitons or bolts, or by fixing (tying or girth-hitching) slings around natural anchors such as trees or rocks. In rock climbing we’re constantly and redundantly checking our systems which seems impossible at these altitudes. This video shows how I fix my climbing rope ends by cutting the frayed end and burning the end again. Here's how. May 9, 2025 · The climbing season on Mount Everest is about to get a much-needed shot of adrenaline. Two competent partners wouldn’t ever need to fix a rope (unless climbing fix-and-follow style), but when I take groups of beginners I often solo with no belay and fix a rope for everyone to use. com Hey friends, ever wonder how to make those nice neat ends on your climbing rope. Jun 13, 2022 · Here’s how it works: The top climber’s device and engaged brake hand make it impossible for the rope to move through the anchors—think of the device as a large knot fixing both rappel strands. They then attached the haul line and start climbing, limiting their time at the belay to less than a minute. The goal when clipping is to clip the rope through the carabiner such that it is not back-clipped or z-clipped, without skipping clips, and to do so without putting any part of your hand through the gate. Wall Mount for Climbing Rope The Xenios USA wall mount is a structure entirely made of high-quality steel, designed to create a safe and functional anchor point for climbing ropes, punching bags, and rings. A common technique for high clips that require a lot of rope is to pull some up, put it between your teeth, then reach back down to your harness and pull the rest up. Advantages - Faster - A faster ascent means a lighter haulbag Disadvantages - Self-belaying is more Make the connection that counts. Main Features: Durable material Playground Ropes and Nets often need repairing due to their high usage. To speed up the ascent, some climbers prefer to lead in blocks (the same person leads several consecutive pitches), with the leader short-fixing (self-belaying the first section of each pitch). 2 76 ratings 400+ bought in past month $699 Someone may use lead climbing to set up a rope and then prepare that rope as a 'fixed rope' for the remainder of the day/week/season. Fusing and whipping rope are two different methods to bind the end of a frayed rope. […] Mar 28, 2023 · The team has won the bid to fix ropes to the summit of Everest and wants to bring back old ropes to set a precedent for the future and play their part in cleaning the mountain. 9K Clipping Techniques and Hazards One of the first new skills to master when lead climbing is how to clip the draws in a smooth and efficient motion. Lead climbing is when you climb a route without an established top rope. How to store your rope: Loosely flaked in a rope bag is the most common way. Jul 23, 2020 · Frayed rope is hard to work with and degrades faster. I usually build a normal anchor and clip in a figure 8 on a bight to the master point. This form of soloing predominantly shines on single pitch climbing but can be used if there's a fixed Sep 27, 2022 · 4pcs Climbing Stick Holder, Hiking Trekking Pole Backpack Bungee Straps, Adjustable Elastic Cord Ropes Lanyard Fixing Buckle for Ski Walking Outdoor Mountaineering Outdoors Carry Tie Accessory Black 4. 5” Battle Rope Attachment Hook Accessories, Rope Clasp for Rope Climb, Climbing Training Garage Home Gym Workout Fitness Strength Training (1. How to inspect your climbing rope: Regularly check for cuts, nicks, abrasions and flat spots by running your hands along the rope. Using the best carabiners and snaps from Climbing Technology means you will know that your connection is safe and you don't have to worry about this important connection in your life support climbing system. Like a loose string on your favorite sweater, rope that begins to unravel will continue to do so unless it’s bound back together somehow. $5. Oct 28, 2023 · Imagine a rope running across another rope. Firstly, every 20-25 feet, there is an anchor point, so even if the rope was cut, any climbing Sherpa could fix it within a few minutes. It's most commonly used on one-day ascents of big walls, or to speed up the process during multi-day ascents. This means you can effectively remove the time it takes to belay the seconder on each pitch. 1½" Climbing Rope Clamp, 1. Jan 3, 2013 · On big peaks it’s routine to make use of fixed lines (or ropes), but how do they work? In this series, Tim Mosedale explains the methods he uses when leading high-altitude expeditions… Whether you love or loathe the idea, a lot of the big mountains usually have sections of what we call ‘fixed ropes’ put in place to allow expedition members, Climbing Sherpas and High Altitude Porters Moved PermanentlyThe document has moved here. com : 4pcs Backpack Hiking Stick Holder, Walking Pole Fixing Buckle Elastic Rope Lanyard for Mountaineering Climbing Trekking Outdoors : Sports & OutdoorsWide application Attachment cord can be used as a fastening buckle on the backpack to attach trekking poles and other items. Well here is how! If you get a bad gash on your rope you wont need to throw Apr 4, 2012 · Short-fixing is an experts-only technique that essentially separates a climbing team into two roped soloists via a knot at an anchor, allowing the climbers to move simultaneously. Notably, there was no one at the spot where the rope was supposedly cut. This happens naturally any time you cut a rope since the individual fibers become free to separate as they please. Feb 8, 2024 · Belaying the LEADER directly from the anchor is known as a “fixed point” belay. “fixing” the rope, can be handy in certain climbing situations. 4 days ago · Rope fixing on Unclimbed peak in Pakistan . a. It’s most commonly used on one-day ascents of big walls, or to speed up the process during multi-day ascents. This also means less food and water is needed on the route. Your climbing rope will show the most stress at the ends. Jul 12, 2022 · When your rope is stuck, you ain’t going nowhere. Chain can be clipped by 2 persons Short fixing With this, the leader will climb a block of pitches (a 3rd of the route if speed climbing). Moved PermanentlyThe document has moved here. The primary reasons to use this: Prevent the belayer from being violently yanked into the air, slammed against the rock, and potentially being injured or even losing control of the belay Reduces the force on lead protection due to rope slippage Allows a greater chance of actually holding a factor 2 fall. It’s what a lot of the yanks are doing these days, some purists take issue with it for the second, but it works really well especially if leading in blocks! Aug 9, 2023 · Rope Fixing and Route Preparation In preparation for the climbing season, Sherpas play a vital role. com describes rock climbing and realted issues in the southeast united states including tennessee, alabama, north carolina, and georgia. 0:00 Intro0:25 Tape th Jun 15, 2012 · Short-fixing is an experts-only technique that essentially separates a climbing team into two roped soloists via a knot at an anchor, allowing the climbers to move simultaneously. Produced in Sant Quirze de Besora (Barcelona – Pyrenees), Fixe introduces 23 new models of dynamic ropes; a wide range of ropes designed for sport climbing, wall climbing, traditional climbing, mountaineering, and 1½" Climbing Rope Clamp, 1. How to install a fixed line for rock climbing - Y-Hang - The Rope Access and Climbing Podcast Welcome back to The Rope Access and Climbing Podcast, today's random video release. Dec 9, 2008 · In fact, fixing rope is a big part of many ethical climbing pursuits and a technique well worth learning whatever climbing you do. Mar 15, 2021 · Securing one end of a rope to two anchor points, a. An elastic climbing rope is tested by fixing one end of the rope to the top of a crane. The other end of t The correct installation of rock anchors is vital to safety when installing anchors or bolts on a new climbing route. 0 Monkey Endurance Full Dry 60 Meter - Purple The Wall Mounted Hanging Bars (WHB) Series is a simple method for attaching climbing ropes, ladders, or cargo nets for younger, beginner level climbers. To fix them, as with most systems, you drill the wall (usually into the brick/stone or mortar joint), pop in a rawl plug and then screw in the hub or post, before attaching the wire. There are a few techniques for managing your rope or ropes at the top Oct 21, 2022 · The Petzl Traxion is a handy device for many different climbing situations, including ascending a rope. See full list on andy-kirkpatrick. Apr 18, 2025 · Learn how to treat elbow pain associated with tight muscles and sore tendons, often the result of muscle imbalance and/or overtraining of pull-up movements. Over the course of nine days in October 1964, Royal Robbins, with Tom Frost, Chuck Pratt, and Yvon Chouinard, climbed the North American Wall on the southeast face of El Capitan. Our products are safe and functional - down to the last detail. Steel wire plant training kits - Plant wire rope climbing supports GS Products offers a range made up packaged wire rope kits for plant training Easily create a framework with steel wire ropes to aid your plants growth against walls and fences Galvanised and Stainless Steel wire kits are available in variable lengths and in different DIY Packages at unbeatable value, we also offer all A broken climbing hook head is an item needed for the winch bridge or grapple tightrope puzzle room in Dungeoneering. This should then be combined with a meatcorn rope to create a climbing When you are climbing multi-pitch routes, you will need to belay your second up to you, which means you need to figure out what to do with your rope. flatliners southeastclimbing. Secondly, I don't believe anyone would engage in such activities at that altitude. Photo Courtesy: Seven Summit Treks $7. How? We followed on toprope solo. 85 Sale Fixe 9. Aug 23, 2023 · 2PCS Black Adjustable Backpack Hiking Stick Holder - Walking Pole Fixing Buckle with Elastic Rope Lanyard - Securing Cords Carry Tie for Mountaineering, Climbing, and Trekking Outdoors Solution of IB Physics past papers questions . Jul 21, 2016 · When you’re in a good clipping stance, take the appropriate hand and reach for the rope coming from your harness. But what about the kids in high school gym class that made climbing rope look like… Learn what top rope climbing is and how to set up and clean a versatile top-rope anchor: the quad. According to Mingma Gyalje Sherpa aka Mingma G, Managing Director of the company, his rope fixing team is set to start the task beginning Monday (April 10). Hey friends, ever wonder how to make those nice neat ends on your climbing rope. 1 Zen Half-Rope Full Dry 60 Meter - Neon Green Jan 3, 2013 · Arguably, fixing ropes reduces the skill level of those people who are then going to attempt the peak, which then increases the need for ropes to be fixed! But nowadays these people are probably going to go there anyway and their lack of mountaineering experience makes them a liability not only to themselves, but to everyone else around them. Here are my hard-won tips for freeing your rope and preventing it from happening at all. Pull up as much as you think you might need, then reach up and clip. A hiker uses the safety line for balance just like he would the handrail on a staircase. These versatile clips provide a simple yet effective way to connect ropes, harnesses, and gear, ensuring safety and ease of use. Fixing rope’s and carrying ladder’s inside khumbuicefall #opening routes for climbers on everest Nawang Chimi Sherpa 2. Online Playgrounds provide a one stop shop for all the componants needed to repair and construct ropes and nets. We discuss rope soloing here. Just chop the rope to a new Mar 5, 2024 · Yikes, your rope got damaged near the middle from rockfall, and for whatever reason you have to keep climbing up instead of rapping down. With some clever rigging, you can simply use the rope, with no slings or other cordage required. Nov 17, 2022 · Tom Ripley shares some nuggets of wisdom from his experiences of attempting and finally climbing the Nose of El Capitan in Yosemite National Park. TR soloing is a great way to get in quick sessions, put in more laps, keeping warm on cold days, or when you're following a pitch and then hauling up a backpack. . Bent C-Rail: The rail I do climbing photography and top rope soloing and so often set up fixed lines. The Essence Of Advanced Rope TechniquesAdvanced ropes techniques are methods designed to maximize climbing safety and efficiency. [1] Oct 25, 2023 · "The drive to always push further, develop new technologies, and provide enhanced performance in all products has led Fixe to completely revamp its catalog of dynamic ropes. The WHB series mounts directly to a structural wall with a recommended attachment height of 8′ above the finished floor. Over 130 years manufacturing climbing ropes Leaders in climbing ropes for over a century Experience that counts: more than a century manufacturing ropes for climbers. May 10, 2019 · Your rope gets damaged by rockfall, and you need to rappel. It gets taxed by the friction from your carabiners, likely where you’ll spot the first signs of damage. These types of ropes tend to be set-up by guides or by large expeditions that need to get a lot of people through a dangerous section quickly. more Mar 15, 2021 · Securing one end of a rope to two anchor points, a. ) Pain near the medial epicondyle is commonly called “golfer’s elbow” or . Qc#6:An elastic climbing rope is tested by fixing one end of the rope to the top of acrane. Fixe 8. Synthetic materials, like nylon or polyester, can be Apr 8, 2023 · This year, Imagine Nepal Trek and Expedition has been assigned to fix the climbing rope to the summit. They will spend around half their time climbing with a traditional belay and the other half leading on self belay while the seconder jumars and cleans the pitch the leader has just finished. In Climbing Rope Stretch and Fall Tests I analyzed the viscoelastic behavior of climbing ropes. Jun 14, 2023 · Shorter pitches, with their lessened rope drag, also contribute to the main advantage of haul-style free climbing: a featherweight feel on difficult rock. The highly advanced technique of lead rope soloing is one way to solve this unfortunate and unlikely situation. AboutPressCopyrightContact usCreatorsAdvertiseDevelopersTermsPrivacyPolicy & SafetyHow YouTube worksTest new featuresNFL Sunday Ticket© 2025 Google LLC Online playgrounds offer a variety of parts for customers wishing to build their own climbing frames, from rope & climbing nets to stones & rock holds Climbing is instinctive to children, making ropes a firm favourite. Feb 3, 2022 · With the recent influx of climbing media, jargon like 'soloing' is spilling out into the general public. Weltweite Referenz für Seile und Anker zum Klettern. Often this is because you’ve climbed the first few pitches and want to have a final night of luxury on the ground before committing to the wall. Pain near the medial epicondyle is commonly called “golfer’s elbow” or climber’s elbow. You can just cut a climbing rope and keep using it! And here is how: May 2, 2018 · The setup, the process, and tips for toprope soloing (TR solo). Jun 26, 2023 · Don't step on your rope! And other tips for caring for and extending the life of the most important piece of climbing equipment. Apr 21, 2017 · The ropes are getting fixed towards the summit of Everest this week. This article seeks to educate climbers on advanced rope techniques used by the backcountry pros, providing powerful tools to best solve difficult problems. Wall-mounted bracket for fixing climbing rope The bracket, made of steel profiles, powder coated, installed to the wall or reinforced concrete pillar. While this is an established and commonly A safer alternative to simul-climbing for steep big wall routes is the technique of short-fixing, where the leader effectively sets up a fixed rope for the second climber to ascend while the leader simultaneously continues up the next pitch using a rope solo climbing technique. Dec 23, 2022 · Simultaneous climbing (simul-climbing) and short-fixing are advanced techniques that can help experienced climbers when attempting in-a-day ascents on grade V and VI routes on big walls and in the Oct 23, 2024 · Carabiners are essential tools for climbing, hiking, and various outdoor activities. It is common to fix ropes on a big wall. 95 Sale Fixe 9. Butterfly Knot: Source: UIAA Alpine Skills: Summer, Blandine Reynard Aug 31, 2021 · The climbing rope has saved your life once more and maybe it’s time to check just how well it’s doing by now. Raumer 6mm double chain links 25cm long Connect this chain using 2 x stainless steel maillon’s Great for connecting anchors or fixing rope/webbing anchors that need replacing with permanent anchors Durable and suitable for all environments. Since ropes don’t grow on trees and due to the fact that all of us fall more than we like, I want to share with you a few techniques to make your ropes last longer. Jan 12, 2015 · Share and download revit families, ask questions and share ideas in our forum and learn from our tutorials Fixe wurde 1983 geboren, umgeben von Bergen und großartigen Klettergebieten wie Montserrat oder Siurana. k. (Updated in 2021 and 2025 — originally posted in February 2015. Nov 15, 2022 · Is there a term for the simul-climbing/short fixing system whereby the rope - presumably quite a long one - is knotted end-to-end to form a big loop. 50 $8. May 16, 2020 · Find rock climbing routes, photos, and guides for every state, along with experiences and advice from fellow climbers. Fixing isn’t always the best strategy. 0 Monkey Endurance Full Dry 60 Meter - Purple Fixing Pitches on a Big Wall. Learn the essentials for building a safe and quick climbing rope anchor. At the endings of the rope I used Figure 8 knots to fix the rope. Climbing rope is an intense workout that takes a specific technique (and lots of practice) to nail it. Mar 15, 2021 · Securing one end of a rope to two anchor points, a. Every year, experts fix hundreds of kgs of ropes to help climbers up and down snowy peaks. more How Ice Climbers Attach Safety Ropes8. 2 Dominator Endurance Rope 70 meter Green $159. 5" 1SET Black) 19 $1899 FREE delivery Sat, Jul 26 on $35 of items shipped by Amazon Nepal mountain guides prepare to fix ropes at Mount Everest summit ahead of climbing season South China Morning Post 4. apvkg qoqeu pnxlp ehhcep saxmqi keldifx aridc iopsqofo yrcqv bppt

Back to top